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Putting Reproductive Autonomy First through a Comprehensive Rights-Based Fertility Policy Framework

Putting Reproductive Autonomy First through a Comprehensive Rights-Based Fertility Policy Framework

A rights-based fertility policy framework ensures individuals can decide when, whether, and how many children to have. Removing medical and social barriers, expanding access to care, and rejecting demographic pressure are essential to creating conditions that allow people to pursue their reproductive intentions freely and without discrimination

By FertilityIn

20 Feb 2026

3 min read

Paper-cut figures around a globe symbolise equal rights to form families and access fertility care.

Paper-cut figures around a globe symbolise equal rights to form families and access fertility care.

Key Takeaways

  • Reproductive Autonomy Is Fundamental: Every person has the right to decide whether, when, and how many children to have. A rights-based approach puts autonomy at the center of fertility and demographic policy.
  • Infertility and Limited Access Drive Involuntary Childlessness: Infertility affects one in six people, and uneven access to fertility care across the EU contributes significantly to involuntary childlessness.
  • Demographic Policies Must Not Undermine Rights: Pronatalist rhetoric in parts of Europe risks reinforcing regressive gender norms. Demographic concerns should not pressure individuals into reproductive decisions.
  • Structural Conditions Shape Family Formation: Childcare availability, job security, housing stability, and accessible fertility care are essential to enabling people to pursue parenthood without discrimination or constraint.


A rights-based fertility policy asserts that every individual has the freedom to decide whether, when, and how many children to have, without coercion or pressure. The Coalition for Fertility argues that this principle must guide fertility and demographic policymaking, especially as governments increasingly focus on declining birth rates for economic and social security reasons. The organization maintains that reproductive rights cannot be shaped by demographic targets and must remain centered on individual choice.


Infertility affects one in six individuals in Europe, yet access to fertility care remains unequal across countries due to legal, financial, and social barriers. This inequality particularly affects single people, same-sex couples, and those facing restrictive eligibility rules, limiting their ability to pursue treatment. The Coalition notes that involuntary childlessness is a major public health issue and calls for fertility care to be recognized as an essential component of healthcare policy.


A rights-based fertility approach also emphasizes the need to counter exclusionary and discriminatory narratives based on gender identity, race, or economic status. Such narratives, the Coalition warns, contribute to unequal access and reinforce stigma for those experiencing infertility or seeking fertility care.


The organization urges policymakers to guarantee universal access to fertility treatment, improve reproductive education, and ensure that all individuals can make informed decisions about building a family. It argues that equitable access to fertility care is fundamental to a just and thriving society and should be integrated into broader gender equality and demographic frameworks.

These recommendations guide the development of a rights-based fertility policy and related demographic frameworks, strengthen evidence-based decision-making, and support conditions that allow all individuals to realize their reproductive intentions without pressure or discrimination.


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